空压机在打地热井洗井中的应用

打井的时候洗井是成井工艺的一个承前启后的关键工序。工程建设中地热井一般都要经过简单或复杂的洗井工艺，并采用多种洗井方法。特殊的情况下一种洗井方法多次重复使用，使地热井的水量、水温达到设计或合同指标的要求，同时尽量达到佳水量及水温，工程项目质量合格，后经抽水试验和采集水样化验，通过水量和水质检验。

Well washing is a key process of well completion technology. In engineering construction, geothermal wells usually have to go through simple or complex well flushing technology, and use a variety of well flushing methods. Under special circumstances, a well washing method is repeatedly used to make the water quantity and temperature of geothermal well meet the requirements of design or contract indicators, and try to achieve the best water quantity and temperature at the same time. The quality of the project is qualified. After pumping test and water sample test, it passes the water quantity and water quality inspection.

压缩空气洗井是比较常用的方法，需要空压机提供压缩空气(正、反循环)，震荡、抽吸内冲洗液，疏通裂隙并排除沉沙。

Compressed air well flushing is a common method, which requires air compressor to provide compressed air (positive and negative circulation), vibrate and pump internal flushing fluid, dredge cracks and remove sediment.空压机洗井装置有并列式和同心式两种,可视况选用。此乃借助空压机的风压,使孔内水位产生振荡,冲击井管,破坏泥皮,并将孔底沉淀物一并排出地面。空压机洗井是常用的洗井方法之一。在通常的情况下,其洗井效果较好。

There are two kinds of air compressor well washing devices, parallel type and concentric type, which can be selected according to the actual situation. With the help of the air pressure of the air compressor, the water level in the hole oscillates, the well pipe is impacted, the mud skin is damaged, and the sediment at the bottom of the hole is discharged from the ground. Air compressor well flushing is one of the common well flushing methods. In general, the effect of well flushing is better.

在相同的井内，由于洗井方法不同(洗井液上返通道不同)，其相同直径的岩屑的自由悬浮速度也不同，用相同的空压机洗井，反循环的排岩屑能力比正循环要强，排出的岩屑颗粒比正循环要大。

In the same well, the free suspension velocity of cuttings with the same diameter is different due to different well washing methods (different upward return channels of well washing fluid). When using the same air compressor to wash the well, the cuttings discharge capacity of reverse circulation is stronger than that of positive circulation, and the cuttings discharged are larger than that of positive circulation.

井中的水柱上下振荡幅度可达几百米，几百米的水柱压力的瞬间释放有助于含水层的疏通出水。根据出水持续时间和间断时间的比例可估算地热井出水能力。压缩空气洗井结束后，一般采用水泵抽水洗井试水。

The fluctuation amplitude of water column in the well can reach several hundred meters, and the instantaneous release of water column pressure of several hundred meters is helpful to dredge the aquifer. According to the ratio of the duration of water production to the interruption time, the water production capacity of geothermal wells can be estimated. After the completion of compressed air well flushing, the water pump is generally used for well flushing test.

一台四级加压、流量十立方米每分钟、很大压力二十五兆帕的高压空压机能把两千多米深的水柱顶出地面，井内一瞬间形成负压力，使地层里的水自然的冲出，能有用提高洗井速度。

A four stage pressurized high pressure air compressor with a flow rate of 10 cubic meters per minute and a very high pressure of 25 MPA can push a water column more than 2000 meters deep out of the ground. Negative pressure is formed in the well in a moment, so that the water in the formation can be washed out naturally, which can effectively improve the well washing speed.