山东空压机排气量降低的原因

山东空压机排气量减少的主要原因是:

The main reasons for the reduction of air compressor discharge are as follows:

一、减速随着转速降低，气缸的冲程容积减小，从而减小排量。转速表可用于确定空气压缩机的转速是否降低，以找出故障原因。

1、 As the speed decreases, the stroke volume of the cylinder decreases, thus reducing the displacement. The tachometer can be used to determine if the speed of the air compressor is reduced to find out the cause of the problem.

二、空气过滤器污染堵塞由于空气过滤器的污染和堵塞，压缩机的充气效率降低，排气体积减小。

2、 The air filter is polluted and blocked. Due to the pollution and blockage of the air filter, the charging efficiency of the compressor is reduced and the exhaust volume is reduced.

三、压缩腔部分不紧：

3、 The compression chamber is not tight

1、气缸和活塞的磨损程度超过规定的额定值这种情况大多发生在已经使用了十年或更长时间的空气压缩机上。如果气缸不圆，气缸应钻孔，并配备与修理后的气缸直径相适应的活塞和活塞环。

1. The wear degree of cylinder and piston exceeds the specified rated value, which mostly occurs in the air compressor which has been used for ten years or more. If the cylinder is not round, the cylinder shall be drilled and equipped with piston and piston ring corresponding to the diameter of the repaired cylinder.

2、活塞环咬活塞环的原因包括:

2. The causes of piston ring biting include:

(1)活塞环和活塞配合不良。

(1) Poor fit of piston ring and piston.

(2)润滑油质量不好。

(2) The quality of lubricating oil is not good.

(3)压缩空气温度过高。随着活塞环咬合和压缩量泄漏，压力在每个单级中重新分配，从而减少空气压缩机的排量。当单级气缸的活塞环咬合时，空气压缩机的排量将显著减少。活塞环咬合时，从指示图上倾斜的压缩线可以看出其泄漏。平时，可以用压缩空气吹气缸来检查活塞环的泄漏情况。为此，在同一气缸的一个吸入侧，拆下排气阀并盖住阀盖。从气缸的另一吸入侧拆卸阀门和阀盖。检查时，打开阀门，让压缩空气从从压力管网中取出的排气阀孔进入气缸，穿过松动的活塞环，然后通过没有阀盖的阀孔排出。根据泄漏的空气量，可以判断活塞环的泄漏。四、活塞环磨损活塞环磨损时，由于活塞钚与气缸和活塞的附着力差，活塞环开口之间的间隙过大，导致漏气，各级压力分布变化缓慢。这种现象在《运转日志》中很容易发现。活塞环漏气时，轴功率略有增加。当一级活塞环磨损时，排量显著减少。

(3) The compressed air temperature is too high. As the piston rings bite and the amount of compression leaks, the pressure is redistributed in each single stage, reducing the displacement of the air compressor. When the piston rings of the single-stage cylinder bite, the displacement of the air compressor will be significantly reduced. When the piston ring is engaged, the leakage can be seen from the inclined compression line on the indicator diagram. Usually, you can use compressed air to blow the cylinder to check the leakage of the piston ring. To do this, on one suction side of the same cylinder, remove the exhaust valve and cover the valve cover. Remove the valve and bonnet from the other suction side of the cylinder. During the inspection, open the valve and let the compressed air enter the cylinder from the exhaust valve hole taken out from the pressure pipe network, pass through the loose piston ring, and then discharge through the valve hole without valve cover. According to the amount of air leaking, the leakage of piston ring can be judged. 4、 When the piston ring is worn, due to the poor adhesion between the piston plutonium and the cylinder and the piston, the gap between the piston ring opening is too large, resulting in air leakage, and the pressure distribution at all levels changes slowly. This phenomenon can be easily found in the operation log. When the piston ring leaks, the shaft power increases slightly. When the first stage piston ring is worn, the displacement is significantly reduced.

活塞杆漏气当活塞杆和填料的配合部分漏气时，可以直接观察到。漏气的原因通常是活塞杆磨损或与填料配合不良、润滑不良和活塞杆弯曲。磨损的活塞杆可以通过镀铬和再研磨进行修复。活塞杆和活塞之间的接头漏气。可以用压缩空气吹扫气缸，或者用肥皂水检查活塞杆和活塞之间的接合处。气体可以通过用活塞填充或研磨来。四、气阀不紧当一级气缸吸气阀不紧时，空气压缩机的空气排量和中冷器的压力明显下降。当中间级和级的空气阀不紧时，排气容积也会减小。

When the matching part of piston rod and packing leaks, it can be observed directly. The causes of air leakage are usually wear of piston rod or poor matching with packing, poor lubrication and bending of piston rod. Worn piston rods can be repaired by chromium plating and regrinding. There is air leakage in the joint between the piston rod and the piston. You can purge the cylinder with compressed air or check the joint between the piston rod and the piston with soapy water. Gas can be eliminated by filling or grinding with a piston. 4、 When the suction valve of the first stage cylinder is not tight, the air displacement of the air compressor and the pressure of the intercooler decrease obviously. When the middle stage and the last stage of the air valve is not tight, the exhaust volume will also be reduced.

五、调整制度不严密：

5、 The adjustment system is not strict

(1)吸入阀打开不当或装配不当和调节器不良会增加气缸的补充容积，这将显著减少机器的排量，重新分配各级压力并加热吸入阀的阀盖。

(1) Improper opening or assembly of the suction valve and poor regulator will increase the make-up volume of the cylinder, which will significantly reduce the displacement of the machine, redistribute the pressure at all levels and heat the valve cover of the suction valve.

(2)由于间隙阀活塞环磨损，调节器压力不足，且间隙阀与气缸阀座不贴合，间隙阀关闭不紧，风量减小。

(2) Due to the wear of clearance valve piston ring, the regulator pressure is insufficient, and the clearance valve does not fit the cylinder seat, the clearance valve is not closed tightly, and the air volume is reduced.

六、气缸间隙容积增大所选气缸套太厚，或者活塞杆上的活塞松动，这增加了气缸的间隙容积，并导致活塞杆膨胀，从而减少了排量。

6、 The cylinder clearance volume increases. The selected cylinder liner is too thick or the piston on the piston rod is loose, which increases the clearance volume of the cylinder and causes the piston rod to expand, thus reducing the displacement.

七、润滑不良润滑油不足会使活塞环和活塞、气缸、活塞杆和填料、阀板和阀座之间的密封恶化。检查排气阀和吸气阀，判断气缸的润滑情况。如果空气阀干燥，则表明输油量不足。正常情况下，气缸、气门和活塞杆的密封面应覆盖一层油，但没有积碳。

7、 Poor lubrication and insufficient lubricating oil will worsen the sealing between piston ring and piston, cylinder, piston rod and packing, valve plate and valve seat. Check the exhaust valve and suction valve to judge the lubrication condition of the cylinder. If the air valve is dry, there is insufficient oil delivery. Under normal conditions, the sealing surfaces of cylinder, valve and piston rod should be covered with a layer of oil, but there is no carbon deposition.

八、气缸盖垫片损坏和泄漏更换垫片时，务必检查气缸盖侧的气缸间隙长度，不要使用填料。

8、 The cylinder head gasket is damaged and leaking. When replacing the gasket, be sure to check the cylinder gap length on the cylinder head side, and do not use packing.