选择空压机的基本准则是什么？

一、是应考虑排气压力的高低和排气量大小。一般用途空气动力用压缩机排气压力为

1、 It should consider the level of exhaust pressure and exhaust volume. The discharge pressure of general purpose air power compressor is

0.7MPa，老标准为0.8MPa。目前社会上有一种排气压力为0.5MPa的空压机，从使用角度看是不合理的，因为对风动工具而言其压力余量太小，输气距离稍远一些就不能使用。另外，从设计角度看，这种压缩机设计为一级压缩，压比太大，易引起排气温度过高，造成气缸积炭，导致事故发生。如果用户所用的压缩机大于0.8MPa，一般要特别制造，不能采取强行增压的办法，以免造成事故。

7 MPa, the old standard is 0. 8 MPa. At present, there is an air compressor with the exhaust pressure of 0.5MPa in the society, which is unreasonable from the point of view of use, because for the pneumatic tools, the pressure margin is too small, and the gas transmission distance is a little longer, so it can't be used. In addition, from the design point of view, this kind of compressor is designed as one-stage compression. If the pressure ratio is too large, it is easy to cause the exhaust temperature to be too high, resulting in carbon deposition in the cylinder and accidents. If the compressor used by the user is greater than 0.8MPa, it should be specially manufactured, and the forced pressurization method should not be adopted to avoid accidents.

排气量是空压机的主要参数之一，选择空压机的气量要和所需的排气量相匹配，并留有

Exhaust volume is one of the main parameters of the air compressor. The air volume of the air compressor should match the required exhaust volume, and there should be enough space

10％的余量。如果用气量大而空压机排气量小，风动工具一开动，会造成空压机排气压力的大

10% margin. If the air consumption is large and the air compressor exhaust volume is small, once the pneumatic tool is started, the air compressor exhaust pressure will be large

大降低，而不能驱动风动工具。当然盲目追求大排气量也是错误的，因为排气量越大压缩机配的电机越大，不但高，而且浪费购置资金，使用时也会浪费电力能源。

Large reduction, but not drive pneumatic tools. Of course, it is also wrong to blindly pursue large exhaust volume, because the larger the exhaust volume is, the larger the motor of the compressor is, which is not only expensive, but also a waste of purchase funds and electric energy.

另外，在选排气量时还要考虑高峰用量和通常用量及低谷用量。如果低谷用量较大，而通

In addition, the peak consumption, the normal consumption and the low consumption should be considered when selecting the exhaust volume. If the low consumption is large, and pass

常用量和高峰用量都不大，国外通常的办法是以较小排气量的空压机并联取得较大的排气量，

The commonly used quantity and peak consumption are not large, and the common way abroad is to use air compressors with smaller exhaust quantity in parallel to obtain larger exhaust quantity,

随着用气量增大而逐一开机，这样不但对电网有好处，而且能节约能源。

With the increase of gas consumption, start up one by one, which not only benefits the power grid, but also saves energy.

二、是要考虑用气场合和条件。如用气场地狭小(船用、车用)，应选立式；如用气场合有长

2、 It is necessary to consider the conditions of gas field. If the gas field is narrow (for ships and vehicles), it should be vertical; if the gas field is long, it should be vertical

距离的变化(超过500米)，则应考虑移动式；如果使用场合不能供电，则应选择柴油机驱动式；如果使用场合没有自来水，就必须选择风冷式。

If the distance changes (more than 500 meters), the mobile type should be considered; if the use of occasions can not supply power, the diesel engine driven type should be selected; if there is no running water in the use of occasions, the air-cooled type must be selected.

在风冷、水冷两种冷却方式上，用户常有错误的认识，认为水冷好，其实不然。国内外小

In terms of air cooling and water cooling, users often have a wrong idea that water cooling is good, but it is not. Small enterprises at home and abroad

型压缩机中风冷式大约占到90％以上，这是因为在设计上风冷简便，使用时无需水源。

The air-cooled type accounts for more than 90% of the total air-cooled compressors. This is because the air-cooled compressor is simple in design and no water source is needed in use.

而水冷式压缩机的致命缺点有四：必须有完备的上下水系统，投资大；水冷式冷却器寿命

The fatal shortcomings of water-cooled compressor are four: it must have a complete water supply and drainage system, large investment; the service life of water-cooled cooler

短；在北方冬季还容易冻坏气缸；在正常的运转中会浪费大量的水。

Short; in the north, it is easy to freeze the cylinder in winter; a lot of water will be wasted in normal operation.

三、是要考虑压缩空气质量。一般空压机产生的压缩空气均含有一定量润滑油，并有一定量

3、 Is to consider the quality of compressed air. Generally, the compressed air produced by air compressor contains a certain amount of lubricating oil and a certain amount of oil

的水，有些场合是禁油和禁水的，这时不但对压缩机选型要注意，必要时要增加附属装置。

In some cases, oil and water are forbidden. At this time, attention should be paid not only to the selection of compressor, but also to the addition of auxiliary devices when necessary.

解决的办法：一是选用无润滑压缩机。这种压缩机气缸中基本上不含油，其活塞环和填料

The solution: one is to choose non lubricated compressor. This kind of compressor cylinder basically does not contain oil, its piston ring and packing

一般为聚四氟乙烯。但这种机器也有缺点，润滑不良，故障率高；聚四氟乙烯也是一种有害物质，食品、制药行业不能使用；无润滑压缩机只能做到输气不含油，不能做到不含水。第二种也是常用的方法，是将空压机(无论哪种)再加一级或二级净化装置或干燥器。这种装置可使压缩机空气既不含油又不含水，使压缩空气中的含油水量在5ppm以下，可满足工艺要求。

It is usually polytetrafluoroethylene. But this kind of machine also has some disadvantages, such as bad lubrication and high failure rate; PTFE is also a harmful substance, which can not be used in food and pharmaceutical industries; the unlubricated compressor can only transport gas without oil, and can not do without water. The second is also commonly used method, is the air compressor (no matter which) plus one or two purification device or dryer. This device can make the air of the compressor contain neither oil nor water, and the oil and water content in the compressed air is less than 5ppm, which can meet the process requirements.

四、是要考虑压缩机运行的性。空压机是一种带压工作的机器，工作时伴有温升和压

4、 It is necessary to consider the safety of compressor operation. Air compressor is a kind of machine with pressure, which is accompanied by temperature rise and pressure drop

力，其运行的性要放在首位。对压缩机的生产实行规范化的“两证”制度，即压缩机生产许可证和压力容器生产许可证(储气罐)。因此，在选购压缩机产品时，要严格审查“两

The safety of its operation should be put in the first place. The State implements the standardized "two licenses" system for the production of compressors, i.e. compressor production license and pressure vessel production license (gas storage tank). Therefore, in the purchase of compressor products, it is necessary to strictly review the "two aspects"

证”。通常有证厂家的产品质量保证系统是完善的，不会出现大的质量问题， 即使出现一些问题，也会由厂家负责三包。

This is the first time that we have been able to find the evidence. Generally, the product quality assurance system of a certified manufacturer is perfect, and there will be no major quality problems. Even if there are some problems, the manufacturer will be responsible for the three guarantees.