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打井的时候洗井是成井工艺的一个承前启后的关键工序。工程建设中地热井一般都要经过简单或复杂的洗井工艺,并采用多种洗井方法。特殊的情况下一种洗井方法多次重复使用,使地热井的水量、水温达到设计或合同指标的要求,同时尽量达到佳水量及水温,工程项目质量合格,后经抽水试验和采集水样化验,通过水量和水质检验。
Well washing is a key process of well completion technology. In general, the well washing process is complicated. Under special circumstances, a well flushing method is repeatedly used to make the water quantity and water temperature of geothermal well meet the requirements of design or contract indexes, and at the same time, the water quantity and water temperature shall be as good as possible. The quality of the project is qualified. After the pumping test and water sample test, the water quantity and water quality inspection are passed.
压缩空气洗井是比较常用的方法,需要空压机提供压缩空气(正、反循环),震荡、抽吸内冲洗液,疏通裂隙并排除沉沙。
Compressed air well flushing is a common method, which requires air compressor to provide compressed air (positive and reverse circulation), vibrate and suck internal flushing fluid, dredge cracks and remove sediment.
空压机洗井装置有并列式和同心式两种,可视况选用。此乃借助空压机的风压,使孔内水位产生振荡,冲击井管,破坏泥皮,并将孔底沉淀物一并排出地面。空压机洗井是常用的洗井方法之一。在通常的情况下,其洗井效果较好。
There are two kinds of air compressor well washing device, parallel type and concentric type, which can be selected according to the actual situation. With the help of the air pressure of the air compressor, the water level in the hole will vibrate, impact the well pipe, destroy the mud skin, and discharge the sediment at the bottom of the hole to the ground. Air compressor well washing is one of the commonly used well flushing methods. In general, the well washing effect is good.
水泵和空压机洗井。在孔径较大而又较深的钻井中,常常采用这种联合洗井方法,即将钻杆下至泥浆沉淀物附近,借助水泵将沉淀物冲至一定的高度,再借助空压机将沉淀物排出地面。这种方法对于含水层埋藏较深、泥浆沉淀物较多的井孔,其效果较好。例如在江淮红层缺水地区,地层为紫红色粘土岩,坍塌掉块严重,采用泥浆钻进。由于孔较深,钻井时间也长,泥浆糊死井壁。这样的就采用这种方法。
Water pump and air compressor wash well. In large and deep drilling, this combined well flushing method is often used, that is, the drill pipe is lowered to the mud sediment, the sediment is flushed to a certain height with the help of water pump, and then the sediment is discharged from the ground with the help of air compressor. This method is effective for the well with deep aquifer and more mud sediment. For example, in the area of water shortage in the red bed of Jianghuai River, the stratum is purplish red clay rock, which causes serious collapse and block dropping, so mud drilling is adopted. Because the hole is deep and the drilling time is long, the mud is stuck on the well wall. In this way, this method is adopted.
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